Tsanangudzo yakadzama yekuvakwa kwetruss yakakura

Nekuda kwehuremu hwayo huremu, kusimba kwepamusoro, kuomarara kwepamusoro uye kuita kwakanaka kweseismic, hombe span truss inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muairport terminal chivakwa, gymnasium, horo yekuratidzira uye mamwe akawanda marudzi ekuvaka. Semuyenzaniso, airport terminal chivakwa chinotora yakakura span truss chimiro kuti ipe nzvimbo yakafararira yemukati kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekufamba kwevafambi uye kumirira ndege. Mitambo mikuru yemitambo, madziva ekushambira, mazaya echando, nezvimwewo, kazhinji anoshandisa mahombe-span truss zvivakwa kutsigira nzvimbo dzakakura dzedenga uye kupa nzvimbo dzekutarisa dzisina makoramu. Aya marudzi ezvivakwa anovhara nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kubva kune zvivako zvakakura zvehurumende kusvika kune zvivako zvezvinangwa zvakakosha, zvichiratidza kukosha kwezvivakwa zve truss refu-refu mumagadzirirwo emazuva ano.

Nekuda kwezvimhingamipinyi zvemamiriro esaiti, nzvimbo iripo yekusangana kwetruss uye kusimudza yakanyatso compact mune mamwe mapurojekiti. Kuti uvandudze kushanda uye kuchengetedza mari, zvinodikanwa kugadzira nzira inonzwisisika yekuvaka iyo inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuvaka kwayo pasina kukanganisa kushanda kwemamwe maitiro.

1, Sarudzo dzechirongwa

Kureba uye hupamhi hwechimiro chekongiri chakapedzwa panzvimbo yeprojekti yakakura-yakakura kazhinji yakakura, uye nzvimbo yekuisa simbi yejoist kazhinji iri pakati pedenga, saka kusimudza-kwe-span hakugoneke. Panguva imwecheteyo, chirongwa chekuvaka chinodawo kufunga nezvenzvimbo uye midziyo yekusimudza. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kwekuvapo kwepasi, matanho ekusimbisa akaomesesa aizodikanwa kana crane hombe yakasarudzwa yekusimudza kwese. Naizvozvo, sarudzo yechirongwa inodawo kufunga nezvekufambira mberi kwekuvaka uye kuenzanisa kwehupfumi.

Zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo enzvimbo yekuvaka, kazhinji inotarirwa kuti iyo huru uye yechipiri trusses inogona kuunganidzwa yakazara pasi, iyo huru trusses inogona kusimudzwa mujoist rose kana muzvikamu mukati mekudonha, uye yechipiri. trusses inogona kusimudzwa zvachose. Crane inogona kushandiswa zvese kuunganidza uye kusimudza. Zvinoenderana nekuita kwecrane, chikamu chejoist huru chakakamurwa kuita 2 kana 3 zvikamu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Segmentation poindi haigone kusarudzwa kunze kwekongiri chimiro, zvikasadaro mamwe matanho ekuchengetedza anodiwa kuvimbisa kuvakwa kwemajoini, saka nzvimbo yechikamu inosarudzwa mukati meiyo kongiri chimiro, uye pasi rinogona kushandiswa kuvaka chikuva chekushanda. Iyo yekusimbisa furemu inoiswa pazasi chord node padyo nenzvimbo yekukamura yetruss huru, uye furemu yekusimbisa inoiswa pamusoro pedanda rekongiri kana mbiru padenga.

2, Truss kuvaka ruzivo

2.1 Joist musangano

Kuti udzivise kuunganidzwa kwekukanganisa, matrusses makuru uye echipiri anounganidzwa nenzira yekusangana kwakawanda, uye bhenji resimbi rakagadzirwa ne16-gauge chiteshi chesimbi senzvimbo yekuunganidza. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekururamisa kwakarurama kwetruss, mitsara inofanira kunyorwa zvakasimba nemamita mazinga, uye panguva imwecheteyo, tambo dzesimbi dzakanaka dzakasimbiswa pamagumo ekunze ekumusoro uye nechepasi chords kuti zvigadziriswe.

Iyo yekumisikidza kumucheto mutsara wewebhu inoyerwa uye inoiswa panzvimbo yemukati node chinzvimbo chetambo, uye dandemutande rinoiswa zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yemupendero mutsara. Pakarepo mushure mekugadzirisa matanda echord, mamwe matanda ewebhu akaiswa pamagumo, pakati uye nzvimbo yekubatana, kuitira kuti chimiro che truss chigadziriswe kuti chirege kuparara kana mamwe matanda ewebhu akaiswa.

2.2 kuunganidza chinzvimbo uye kutsigira mota chinzvimbo sarudzo

Kuti uvandudze kugona kwekuvaka uye kudzivirira mamiriro ekufambisa kwechipiri uye kuvhara nzira yekufamba yecrane, matrusses anounganidzwa padhuze nenzvimbo yekufungidzira yekuisirwa, uye tafura yekuunganidza inorongwa pamativi ese echiteshi chakafanana ne. gwara rechiteshi.

Uye zvakare, huwandu hwekuchinja kwe crane hunofanirwa kudzikiswa paunenge uchisimudza, saka zvinodikanwa kuti uone nzvimbo yekutsigira crane pamberi. Nheyo yacho ndeyekuti crane inogona kusimudza matrusses maviri ari padyo panguva imwe chete munzvimbo imwechete. Kana matrusses asimudzwa kubva panzvimbo yekuunganidza, radius yekubaya yenzvimbo yekukochekera inofanirwa kunge yakakura kupfuura radius yekubaya ye hoko kana yaiswa panzvimbo kusvika pazvinogoneka, kuitira kuti chiito checrane mukusimudza ndechekusimudza. simudza hoko, tenderedza ruoko, uye simudza ruoko, uye radius yekuuraya iri kuita diki uye diki, uye chengetedzo coefficient iri kukura uye yakakura, kuitira kuti kuchengetedzwa kwekusimudza kwemhepo kunovimbiswa kusvika pamwero mukuru.

2.3 Kusimudza truss

(1) Kutevedzana kwekuvaka

Pamusana pezvipingamupinyi zvemamiriro enzvimbo, kuiswa kwetruss kunotora nzira yekuvaka kubva kune rumwe rutivi kuenda kune rumwe rutivi. Kurongeka kwekuvaka kunofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira sangano rekuvaka uye kutungamirirwa mukunyatsoteerera kuendeswa kwekuvaka.

(2) Kusimudza joist

Nzvimbo yendege uye kukwirira kwerutsigiro kunofanirwa kugadziriswa nemazvo pamberi pekusimudza truss, uye yakasungirirwa zvakasimba maererano nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa mushure mekugadzirisa. Kuyera uye isa truss positioning axis pamusoro perutsigiro.

Kana uchisimudza joist rose, kusimudza-maviri kunogamuchirwa. Kuti udzivise kusagadzikana kwepashure kwejoist imwe chete, tambo dzinoiswa pa1/3 chinzvimbo kubva kumagumo ejoist pamativi ese ejoist panguva yekusimudza, uye joist inogadziriswa netambo mushure mekunge yaiswa panzvimbo.

Kana iyo truss yakasimudzwa muzvikamu zviviri, kusimudza-mapoinzi maviri kunogamuchirwa zvakare, chikamu chipfupi chinosimudzwa kutanga, magumo akarembera anoiswa pamusoro peinotsigira furemu uye kukwidziridzwa kunogadziriswa nemamita nhanho, mushure meizvozvo, iyo chikamu chakareba chinosimudzwa, uye majoini ekumusoro neepazasi chegaro chegadzi anofanirwa kusungwa zvakasimba chiredzo chisati chabviswa nekireni, uyezve dandemutande riri pakati pemagaro majoini anosungwa.

Kana uchisimudza nemichina miviri, iyo yekupedzisira zvikamu zviviri zvinofanirwa kusimudzwa kutanga. Kureba kwechikamu chepakati chetruss chakareba kudarika kureba kwakajeka pakati pekrete. Kuti uone kuti truss haizopindira nekrete chimiro panguva yekusimudza, nzvimbo yakadzikama ye truss inofanira kuderedzwa isati yasimuka. Muchirongwa chekusimudza, kana kuita kwemacranes maviri kuri kusimudza ruoko uye kutenderedza ruoko, uye radius yekutenderera iri kuita diki nediki, chengetedzo coefficient iri kuramba ichikura. Mukuwedzera, sezvo kukwirira kwemativi maviri e truss kwakasiyana, edza kuita kuti mutoro wemakrane maviri uenderane. Kusimudza kunofanirwa kubva kudivi rekumashure, uye crane yega yega inotora imwe poindi inosimudza. Weld majoini egaro kumativi ese ari maviri akasimba pakarepo mushure mekugara, uye weld dandemutande pakati pemagaro majoini mushure.

2.4 sub-truss kusimudza

Asati asimudza joist huru, micheto yekudzora yekumusoro neyezasi chords chechipiri chejoist yakayerwa uye yakaiswa panzvimbo inoenderana neinodhi yejoist yechipiri, uye mubhedha wairembera kuti ufambise kushanda kwevashandi. Mushure mekupedzwa kwekusimudzwa kwematrus maviri ari pedyo, matrusses echipiri pakati pavo akasimudzwa pakarepo, kuitira kuti matanda makuru uye echipiri aite chikwata chakagadzikana kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwechimiro. Mushure mekuongorora, iyo crane boom yaigona chete kunge iri pakati pematrus maviri makuru pakusimudza echipiri matrusses, zvikasadaro zvaizokonzeresa kudhumhana pakati peboom nematrusses makuru nekuda kwehurefu husina kukwana.

(Pa-saiti optimization ye truss segmentation uye kuongororwa kwakadzama kwenzvimbo yecrane station kuburikidza nekuiswa kwakaringana kwenzvimbo yekusangana yezvikamu, kuwedzera kushanda kwecrane kudzikisa huwandu hwekusimudza uye panguva imwechete kuderedza huwandu hwenguva dzekuchinja crane, vane Kunze kwezvo, ndeapi mamwe matambudziko anofanirwa kutariswa pakuvaka truss yakakura?)

3, Truss Welding Kuvaka

(1) Kugadzirira

Usati waputira, iyo interface inofanirwa kucheneswa mukati mehupamhi hwe10-15mm kubvisa ngura uye madhiri epamusoro pasimbi. Pamberi pekugadzirisa, nzvimbo yekutangira uye kuvhara arc yenzvimbo yewelding inofanira kugadzika mumatope akapfava kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti hapana chakaremara senge maburi asina kupfurwa uye maburi. Migumo yesimbi joist inofanirwa kuchengeterwa welding shrinkage, uye inofanirwa kugadziridzwa isati yaiswa welding nekuda kwekukanganisa kunokwanisika mukugadzirisa nekugadzira uye deformation inogona kuitika mukufambisa.

(2) Kudzora unhu

• (1) Preheat joist resimbi uye bvisa mwando usati wapinza;
• (2) Dzora kumhanya kwewelding, uye kupisa kupinza kunogona kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera;
• (3) Dzora reshiyo yekusanganisa, kuderedza chikamu chezvinhu zvinokuvadza muhwaro zvinhu uye simbi yakanyungudutswa musimbi yeweld;
• (4) Mudzi we weld simbi inofanira kuedza kusarudza yakaderera sarufa uye phosphorus kugutsikana, yakakwirira manganese zvirimo welding consumables kuitira kuwedzera kuomarara uye kunatsiridza kuramba kupisa nokutsemuka kuita.

(3) Kungwarira

The first layer of welding precautions before welding to remove first layer yechikamu chakasimudzwa, tarisa kuti bevel edge haina kusanganiswa uye kuora mwoyo, kana zvakadaro, inofanira kubviswa. Dzivisa kubata kumucheto kwebevel paunenge uchikuya majoini akasungwa uye zvimwe zvikamu. Shandisa madhiyamita maelectrodes makuru uye ari pakati nepakati pauriri welding, uye shandisa yakakwira ikozvino kune flat welding. Surface welding precautions welding surface inofanira kusarudzwa diki ikozvino, mubevel kumucheto zvikamu zvinofanira kuwedzerwa nguva yekusanganiswa, kutsiva electrode kunofanira kuedza kupfupisa nguva kuitira kudzivirira kukanganisa kwewelding.

4、Emergency chirongwa chekuvaka truss

(1) kumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza yambiro munzira yekusimudza kana kushanda kwacho kusina kunaka kunokonzeresa tsaona dzekuchengetedza, kukanganisa chirongwa. Nokudaro, inofanira kumisa nzvimbo yambiro, nzvimbo yambiro iri kusimudza nzvimbo yebasa, gadza munhu anokosha kuti achengetedze nzvimbo yambiro, yakajeka uye yakabatana kuvakwa kwe24h duty system, mukugadzirisa kusimudza kurambidza vanhu kufamba panzvimbo. .

(2) kusimudza nzira yekuronga munhu kuti aone jack, kushandiswa kwemichina yekukurukurirana kuti iite mushumo wemamiriro ekushanda kwejeki, kudzivirira jack kubva pakutsvedza uye kumwe kukundikana.

(3) kuronga kutariswa kwejack panguva imwe chete asi zvakare kuronga munhu akakosha kuti aone mamiriro epombi yemafuta, kana paine kupisa, kubuda kwemafuta uye kusagadzikana kwekubuda kwemafuta kunofanirwa kutaurwawo nenguva, kuburikidza nemukuru-mu- sabhuku akabvuma kumisa kushanda kwemunda wose kuti zviongororwe uye kugadzirisa, inorambidzwa zvachose unilateral mirairo.

(4) Mukuita kusimudza, tambo dzinofanira kuiswa kumativi ose maviri e truss kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwetruss uye kudzivirira kubva pakuzununguka.

(5) Ita basa rekugadzira welding mushure mekusimudza kunzvimbo yakatarwa, kudzivirira kutsva kwearc panguva yewelding, uye insulate waya yakasungwa nezvibatiso.

(6) kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambira mberi kwakanaka kwepurojekiti yekusimudza, maererano nemusimboti wekuchengeteka kutanga, kudzivirira kutanga, kusati kwasimudzwa kunofanira kugadzirirwa kuchengetedzwa kwekukurumidzira, kukudziridza matanho ekudzivirira anoenderana.

(7) vashandi vanosimudza munzvimbo yekusimudza vanofanira kupfeka ngowani yakanaka, kana basa repamusoro-soro rinofanira kusungirirwa nebhanhire rekuchengetedza. Nyanzvi kupfeka chiratidzo chehunyanzvi, teerera kune anosaina mirairo kudzivirira njodzi, signer kutakura mireza, muridzo uye kutaura midziyo.

(8) crane mashandiro anofanirwa kuziva huremu hwechinhu chebasa kuti udzivise kuremedza mashandiro, muchikamu chekusimudza chiri munzvimbo inonzwisisika yekusunga tambo inotsvedza, yekutanga kusimudza hafu yemamita kureba kutarisa zvisungo zvayo kuratidza kuti ndiyo. yakasimba isati yasimudza. Muchikamu chinosimudza teerera kune kunonoka kukwira kunononoka kudonha, muchikamu chinorambidzwa zvachose kumira vanhu kana kuisa zvimwe zvikamu, kuitira kudzivirira njodzi dzekuchengeteka.

(9) Mutauro wemurairidzi wemasaini uye chiratidzo chinofanirwa kuenderana nemutyairi, mukuru wemauto anopfira mazwi zvakajeka, kudzivirira kusanzwisisana, mutyairi weshongwe yecrane ateerere kuraira kwemuratidziri kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mapato ese anoronga mashandiro kudzivirira kukanganisa. .

(10) zvikamu zvesimbi zvinodonha zvinononoka, vashandi vekuvaka muzvikamu zvekunze zvakabatwa nemaoko, zvinorambidzwa zvachose kuisa maoko avo pasi pezvikamu kana zvikamu zvezvibatanidzwa.